WAEC 2026 Geography Questions and Answers (Objectives/Essay)

Explore more on Likely WAEC Geography free Questions and Answers to help you succeed. People may wish to have access to WAEC expo/runs in Geography, but I tell you, the details on Objectives and theory Geography WAEC Questions and Answers provided for you here is the best.

The West African Examination Council (WAEC) Geography paper 1 and 11 (Objectives and Essay) schedule is available in the official Timetable. All the necessary materials will be provided by the management board for the smooth running of the exams. To pass WAEC Geography with A1, keep reading fore latest news on correct WAEC Geography answers.

WASSCE Geography past Questions papers has been provided here to help you get ready for the questions that will be presented to you. Likely WAEC Geography expo questions and Answers and how to answer the questions without wasting time are equally provided.

Geography Answers to Objectives Questions

There are free WAEC Geography Past Questions and Answers for you. Take your time and make good use of it while waiting for the latest update on Likely WAEC Geography expo.

The following are Sample Geography Objectives Past Questions and Answers:

1. Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which denudation occurs?

• A. Weathering →Deposition → Erosion
• B. Weathering → Erosion → Deposition
• C. Deposition → Weathering → Erosion
• D. Erosion → Weathering → Deposition

Answer: B( Weathering → Erosion → Deposition)

2. Which of the following is a feature of heavy industries?

• A. Small scale plants
• B. Low turn-over
• C. Consumer goods production
• D. Capital intensive

Answer: D ( Consumer goods production)

3. Volcanoes that have not erupted for a very long time but may erupt at future time are termed as

• A. extrusive
• B. dormant
• C. intrusive
• D. active

Answer: B (dormant)

4. Barchan dunes move

• A. at right angle to the prevailing wind
• B. in a circular direction
• C. against the prevailing wind
• D. in the same direction as the prevailing winds

Answer: A (at right angle to the prevailing wind)

5. A major function performed by rural settlement is

• A. agricultural
• B. industrial
• C. administrative
• D. commercial

Answer: A (agricultural)

7. The type of energy that is most environmentally friendly is

• A. solar
• B. thermal
• C. hydroelectric
• D. nuclear

Answer: A (solar)

8. The part of the earth crust covered by water bodies is known as the

• A.  atmosphere
• B. stratosphere
• C. sial
• D. hydrosphere

Anwer: D (hydrosphere)

9. Buying and selling of goods and services within a country is termed as

• A.  barter trade
• B. international trade
• C. foreign trade
• D. internal trade

Answer: D (internal trade)

10. An isotherm is a line drawn on a map joining places of equal

• A.  rainfall
• B. cloud cover
• C. temperature
• D. pressure

Answer: C (temperature)

11.A settlement pattern in which houses are arranged along lines of transportation is described as 

• A. dispersed
• B. linear
• C. radial
• D. nucleated

Answers: B (linear)

12.Population density is defined as the average 

• A. number of people in the capital town
• B. number of people living in a unit area
• C. number of human resources
• D. number of deaths and births in a unit area

Answer: B (number of people living in a unit area)

13. Wood carving, leather work, and cloth weaving are examples of?

• A. chemical industry
• B. power industry
• B. heavy industry
• D. local craft industry

Answer: D (local craft industry)

14.Which of the following is arranged according to the increasing size of  settlement?

• A. town, conurbation, hamlet, and village
• B. Hamlet, village, town and conurbation
• C. village, town, conurbation, and hamlet
• D. conurbation, town, hamlet, and village

Answer: B (Hamlet, village, town and conurbation)

15.Which of the following is a major of plantation agriculture?

• A. Control weeds with herbicide
• B. encourage monoculture
• C. foreign exchange earners
• D. application of modern technology

Answer: B (encourage monoculture)

16.Which of the following pairs of activities can initiate deforestation?

• A. i and iv only
• B. ii and iii only
• C. ii and iv only
• D. i and ii only

Answer: A (i and iv only)

17.Which of  the following best describes high population growth?

• A. The number of births equals the number of deaths
• B. birth rate are equal to death rate
• C. emigration is equal to immigration
• D. birth rates are higher than death rates

Answer: D (birth rates are higher than death rates)

18.Which of the following factors has the greatest influence on the location of the cement industry?

• A. proximity to source of raw materials
• B. nearness to market
• C. source of capital
• D. manpower development

Answer: A (proximity to source of raw materials)

19.Which of the following best describes the relationship between rural and urban areas?

• A. urban areas are not as important as rural areas
• B. urban and rural areas depend on each other
• C. rural areas exist only to serve urban areas
• D. urban areas can exist without rural areas

Answer: B (urban and rural areas depend on each other)

20.An advantage of a large population is?

• A. increase in government expenditure
• B. surplus empowerment opportunities
• C. abundant labour force
• D. small market for goods

Answer: C (abundant labour force)

21.Which of the following occurs when the sun is vertically overhead at the equator?

• A. equinox
• B. solstice
• C. deflection of winds and ocean currents
• D. rise and fall of tides

Answer: A (equinox)

22.Which of the following pairs of ways can be used to solve the world’s high population concentration problems

• A. i and ii only
• B. only
• C. ii and iii
• D. iii and iv only

Answer: A (i and ii only)

23.Which of the following countries in West Africa is well known for the production of diamonds?

• A. togo
• B. burkina faso
• C. siera leone
• D. benin

Answer: C (siera leone)

24.Which of the following is a leading industrial area in North America?

• A. The northeastern industrial area of USA
• B. central Canada industrial area
• C. South Mexico Industrial Area
• D. The Guatemala industrial area

Answer: A (The northeastern industrial area of USA)

25.“It is an intensive cultivation of fruits, vegetables, flowers, it is small-scale farming, the yields are very high per hectare, produce sold to customers is usually fresh, and commonly practiced in  urban communities .”

• A. mixed farming
• B. sericulture
• C. market gardening
• D. viniculture

Answer: C (market gardening)

26.Which of the following examples of rock is mostly likely to be weathered by the process of solution ?

• A. slates
• B. graphite
• C. limestone
• D. granite

Answer: C (limestone)

27.Lines drawn on a map connecting places with equal duration of sunshine are called

• A. isohels
• B. isotherms
• C. isonephs
• D. isohyets

Answer: A (isohels)

28.The natural exchange of water between land, oceans and the atmosphere is known as 

• A. energy cycle
• B. hydrological cycle
• C. nitrogen cycle
• D. carbon cycle

Answer: B (hydrological cycle)

29.Which of the following types of rocks contain fossils?

• A. igneous
• A. sedimentary
• C. metamorphic
• D. volcanic

Answer: A (igneous)

30.Which of the following is proof of the Earth’s spherical shape?

• A. circumnavigation
• B. variation in the length of the day and night making of a year
• C. Rise and fall of tides

Answer: A (circumnavigation)

31.The lapse rate refers to the average rate at which ?

• A. radiant energy is converted to heat
• B. air pressure decreases with altitude
• C. Air pressure increases with altitude
• D. temperature decreases with altitude

Answer: D (temperature decreases with altitude)

32.In which of the following regions will weathering by frost action occur throughout the years 

• A. cool temperate
• B. equatorial
• C. monsoon
• D. Mediterranean

Answer: A ( cool temperate)

33.Which of the following conditions can produce a waterfall?

• A. sharp break in the bed of a river
• B. elbow of capture of young rivers
• C. backward erosion
• D. lateral erosion

Answer: A (sharp break in the bed of a river)

34.Which of the following sequence is correct in the formation of a stack 

• A. cave, arch, headland, stack
• B. headland cave, arch, stack
• C. headland, arch, cave, stack
• D. cave, headland arch, stack

Answer: B (headland cave, arch, stack)

35.Which of the following best explains the breaking down of well jointed rocks into large rectangular-shaped features by mechanical weathering?

• A. block disintegration
• B. exfoliation dome
• C. landslide
• D. solifluction

Answer: A (block disintegration)

36.Wind erosion results in the formation of the following land forms except.

• A. zeugen
• B. yardang
• C. ventifact
• D. barchan

Answer: Zeugen, Yardang. Ventifact and  Barchan can be formed through wind erosion, no exception 

37.Two towns, A and B, are on the international dateline. What will be the distance between the two towns if town A  is located on latitude 400N  and town B is located on latitude  100N?

• A. 8880 kilometers
• B. 5550 kilometers
• C. 3330 kilometers
• D. 2220 kilometers

Answer: C (3330 kilometers)

38.Which of the following pairs of land forms are surface features of a karst region? i.Clint ii.Grikes iii.Stalagmite iv.Cavin 

• A. i and ii only
• B. i and iii only
• C. ii and iii only
• D. ii and iv only

Answer: A ( i and ii only)

39.Horst is a feature associated with? 

• A. volcanic mountain
• B. residual mountain
• C. block mountain
• D. fold mountain

Answer: C (block mountain)

40.The Deccan Plateau in Indian is a good example of 

• A. dissected plateau
• B. volcanic plateau
• C. tectonic plateau
• D. intermontane plateau

Answer: B (volcanic plateau)

41.The movement of Earth around the sun on its elliptical orbit is called 

• A. rotation
• B. axis
• C. revolution
• D. gravitation

Answer: C (revolution)

42.What will be the time at Greenwich meridian when it is 12 noon at longitude 600E 

• A. 4.00 a.m.
• B. 4.00 p.m
• C. 8.00 a.m.
• D. 8.00 p.m.

Answer: C (8.00 a.m.)

43.The Greek system of classifying climate is based on 

• A. temperature
• B. rainfall and temperature
• C. rainfall and vegetation
• D. humidity

Answer: B (rainfall and temperature)

44.An instruction of thick acid lava, which forces overlaying sedimentary rock layers to bulge into a dome, may cool and solidify to form a 

• A. batholith
• B. laccolith
• C. dyke
• D. lopolith

Answer: B (laccolith)

45.Rocks formed through cementation of accumulated materials under water is ?

• A. metamorphic
• B. igneous
• C. sedimentary
• D. acidic

Answer: C (sedimentary)

46.The table below shows the temperature and rainfall distribution of Station F.

• A. 831 mm
• B. 813 mm
• C. 381 mm
• C. 318 mm

Answer: A (831 mm)

47.Which of the following months is the hottest 

• A. January
• B. April
• C. May
• D. September

Answer: C (May)

48.What is the annual range of temperature for station  F

• A. 36⁰c
• B. 23⁰c
• C. 13⁰c
• D. 3⁰c

Answer: C (13⁰c)

49.Which of the following represents the correct sequence in which denudation occurs?

• A. weathering, erosion, and deposition
• B. erosion, weathering, and deposition
• C. weathering, deposition, and erosion
• D. disposition, erosion, and weathering

Answer: A (weathering, erosion, and deposition)

50.Which drainage pattern is best formed in the area of alternate hard and soft rocks 

• A. trellised
• B. dendritic
• C. radial
• D. annular

Answer: A ( trellised)

Essay Questions for WAEC Geography

Q1.Define atmospheric resources :

(b) Outline three important of atmospheric resources.

(c) Highlight three human activities that adversely affect the composition of the atmosphere.

Answers:

(a) Definition of atmospheric resources

Elements found in the atmosphere that are useful to mankind, plants, and animals

. (b) Importance of atmospheric resources

– carbon dioxide for photosynthesis

– Sunlight facilitates photosynthesis

– Oxygen for respiration

– Control temperature on the Earth’s surface

– sunlight for vitamin D

(c) Human activities that adversely affect the composition of the atmosphere

– The use of fossil fuels

– deforestation

– release of toxic wastes

– bush burning

– industrial activities

– mining and construction

– warfare

– aviation

– burning of tyres.

Q2.List three features that can be found in the middle course of a river.

(b) Describe the characteristics and mode of formation of a pothole

Answers: 

(a) Features that can be found in the middle course of a river

– meander

– interlocking spurs

– river terraces

– wide V-shaped valley

– bluff

– river cliffs

– slip-off slope

(b) Characteristics and mode of formation of a pothole

Characteristics

– found in the upper course of à river

– found on the bed of a river

– circular depression/bowl-shaped

– cylindrical in shape

– may be small or large

– may enlarge and join to form a gorge

– may be about 6 meters in diameter

– may be about 15 meters in depth

– greater in depth than in width

– A plunge pool at the base of a waterfall is in a pothole

– are exposed in the dry season when the river decreases

– example: Devil’s cauldron on the* River Congo

Mode of formation

– formed in the upper course of a river

– formed on the riverbed

– formed where the riverbed is uneven

– A river loaded with pebbles flows in eddies when it reaches an uneven bed

– The eddies cause the pebbles to swirl

– This creates small shallow depressions on the river bed

– River abrasion widens the depression to form cavities

– cavities gradually deepen and widen

– forming a feature called a pothole

– Pothole: development depends on the nature of the bedrock and the speed of flow of the river

Q3. Using Kppen’s system of classification of climates ,identify the types of climate that are reprsented by the letter listed below ;

(i) Af

(ii) Am

(iii) Aw

(b) outline six characteristics of A f climates

Answers:

a) Identification of the types of climate using Koppen’s system of classification

(i) Af-Tropical rain forest climate

(i) Am -Tropical monsoon climate

(iii) Aw-Tropical grassland/savanna climate

(b) Characteristics of the Af climate

– located in the Tropics

– located between 5°N and 5°S of the Equator

– found in the coast of West Africa, Amazon Basin, Congo Basin, etc.

– temperatures are uniformly high throughout the ye

– mean monthly temperature is about 27 °C

– annual range of temperature is shout 3ºC

– there is high cloud cover

– annual rainfall is between 1500mm and 2600mm

Q4.State three conditions that favour the development of karst topography

(b) describe the characteristics and mode of information of sink hole

Answer:

(a) Conditions that favour the development of karst topography:

– Limestone should be the dominant surface rock

-presence of joints/cracks/fissures/ bedding planes on existing rocks

– The area should receive moderate to abundant and regular rainfall

– The limestone area should be underlain by resistant rock

– soluble rocks e.g. dolomite, gypsum, limestone

– Surface relief should be low -tectonic activity will create cracks and joints

Characteristics and mode of formation of sinkhole

Characteristics

– found in limestone regions

– saucer-shaped or shaft-like depression

– steep sided

– could be shallow or deep

– can be as deep as 20 meters or more

– usually links the surface to the underground streams

– water passes through it to the underground

– can be 6 meters wide or more at the surface

– varies in size and depth

– Examples are found in the Atlas of Morocco, Ghyll in Yorkshire

Mode of formation

– formed in the karst region

– presence of a large area of limestone with many cracks and joints

– rain water mixes with carbon dioxide t • form carbonic acid

– Acid dissolves the limestone along the cracks

– The acidic run off passes through the limestone joints and cracks

– The racks continue to deepen and widen.

– The cracks are further deepened to become depressions called sink holes

– two or more sink holes can be merged to form a do line

Q5.What is igneous rock?

(b) states three characteristics of igneous rocks

(c) Explain five economic importance of igneous rocks.

Q6.List three processes of wind erosion

(b) with the aid of a diagram, describe the characteristics and mode of information of a zeugen

Q7.

The table G below shows the value of commodities exported by a country in the year 2020. Study and use the question that follows

Table G

(a) Using a radius scale of 1 cm to represent 10 units, draw proportional circles to represent the value of exported commodities by the country in a year 2020,[ use the square root method ]

(b) calculate the percentage of the value of gold exported in the year 2020.

Steps to Answer Questions

The following steps are crucial while trying to answer WAEC Geography questions:

• Candidates are advised to always begin with the simplest questions.
• Adherence to the WAEC exams instructions are very important.
• All the required details should be carefully written or entered on the WAEC Answer booklet.
• Candidate’s handwriting should be very readable.
• It’s important to attempt the required number of questions.
• Candidates should cross check their answers before final submission.

How to pass WAEC exams

It’s important to make your West African Senior Secondary School Certificate Examination a huge success. The following ways are beneficial to candidates that wish to pass WAEC with flying colors:

1. Make adequate Preparation: By preparing very well for the WAEC Geography Objectives and theory exams, candidates will be able to write the exams confidently.

2. Attending Extra moral Classes: The school teachers might not be able to complete the curriculum on time. On that note, it is advisable for students to attend tutorials that will enlightened the more on the right topics under The syllables.

3. Make good use of Past Questions:  The West African Examination Council, WAEC has a pattern of setting questions. Students that make good use of the WAEC Geography past Questions and Answers will surely perform well in the exams. Try and practice the questions set on previous years.

4. Use WAEC Geography Syllabus: The WAEC Geography Syllabus has a list of topics to be treated for years. Candidates should ensures that they use the syllabus while studying and preparing for their exams.

Conclusion

Passing the WAEC Geography exams is very easy. All that is required is to do the needful. Prepare on time, attend tutorials, use past Questions and syllabus and many more.

Those that want to know more about the WAEC Geography questions and Answers should use the comments box hereunder.

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